旅游英语参考资料(转自女生天地)

 1.长城始建于战国时期.开始，各诸侯国为抵御北方的游牧民族的入侵，在战略要地修筑防御墙，秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国后，将诸侯国的长城连接起来并加以延伸。
Construction of the Wall first began during the period of the Warring States (476 - 221 BC). Formerly, walls were built at strategic points by different kingdoms to protect their northern territories. In 221 BC after the first Emperor of the Qin Dynasty unified China, he decided to have the walls linked up and extended.
2.我们今天要参观的是八达岭长城。这段长城是明朝即16世纪重建的。明代长城东起濒临渤海的山海关，西至甘肃省的嘉峪关，全长6700多公里。
          The Great Wall which we are going to visit was rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. It extends from Shanhaiguan Pass, a seaport along the coast of Bohai Bay, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province. Its total length is more than 6,700 kilometres。
        3. 八达岭长城用石条和城砖铺就，墙高7至8米，墙顶宽5至6米，可容五马并行，现在大概可容15名游客并肩通过。延着长城，在战略要地都建有烽火台和堡垒，如遇危机，可燃起狼烟以迅速传递敌情
    The Badaling Great Wall is made of bricks and stone slabs. This section is almost 7 to 8 metres high with a width of 5 to 6 metres at the top. The wall could hold five horsemen riding abreast—nowadays it’s about 15 tourists walking abreast. Along the wall, the beacon tower system was built, using the smoke signals to transmit news of enemy movements quickly.

 4. 北京烹饪的特点选料精细，刀工细腻，调料纯正。粤菜讲究选用各种时令蔬菜，讲究鲜，嫩，脆。四川菜的麻辣辛香给游客们留下了很深的印象，有些人称之为中国的墨西哥菜。淮扬菜也有其独特的风味，咸中带甜。
   Beijing cuisine is skillful in selecting and using ingredients, fine cutting and pure seasoning.Guangdong cuisine is characterized by its freshness, crispness and tenderness, using different vegetables according to the season. Sichuan cuisine is especially known for its spicy flavor. They are also named as Chinese Mexican dishes. Huai-Yang cuisine has developed its own characteristics and is moderately salty and sweet.
 5.请看这五座汉白玉石桥，它们代表着孔子所倡导的“仁，义，礼，智，信”
  Look at the five marble bridges over the river, they are believed to symbolize benevolence, righteousness, rites, wisdom, and truthfulness, the five virtues advocated by Confucius.
 6.这就是午门，为故宫正门。午门也叫“五凤楼”，楼上东鼓西钟，皇帝在太和殿阅兵和观礼时，钟鼓齐鸣。
  What we are now approaching is the main entrance to the Palace Museum—the Meridian Gate. It was also known as Five-phoenix Tower. Drums and bells were stored in both wings. Whenever the emperor presided over primary armies or observed rites in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, drums and bells would be struck to mark the occasion.
 7.这就是金銮宝殿太和殿，建于1420年，殿高37.44米，是我国现存最大的木结构建筑，它是皇帝举行大典的地方，皇帝在登基，元旦，冬至，派将出征时，都在此举行仪式。
  This is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, built in 1420, with the height of 37.44 meters. It is China’s largest wooden structure where the emperor used to hold big ceremonies such as ascending the throne, the New year, Winter Solstice, nomination of generals, and so on.
 8.这是仁寿殿，慈禧太后和光绪皇帝在此处理国政，会见外国使节。仁寿殿建于1750年，当时叫勤政殿。1860年毁于火灾。匾额上的字“寿协仁符”意思是施仁政者能长寿。
We are now visiting the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity where the Emperor Qianlong and Dowager Cixi handled the state affairs and met with the foreign emissaries. It was built in 1750, and was known as the Hall of Industrious Government. It got burned in the fire in 1860. The inscriptions in the plaque means only the benevolent emperor can live a long life.
 9.请看这个铜兽，它叫狻猊。 在中国神话中，狻猊是龙的九子之一。值得一提的是它长着龙头，鹿角，狮尾,牛蹄。统治者把它放在门口是为了分辨谁是忠臣
  Have a look at this bronze beast. It is known as Suan ni. In the Chinese myths, Suanni is one of the nie sons of dragon king. A point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of an ox. The governors put it in front of the gate in order to identify who is the loyal official.
 10.这是大戏楼，21米高的三层建筑。大戏楼建于1892年。，耗银一百六十万两，是当时中国最大的戏楼。一层的地板是活动的，演员在演神话剧时，可以突然从地下冒出来，或者飞升上天。地下还有一个5平米见方的水池，是用来制造共鸣效果以及演出时取得真水效果而用的。
  This 21meters in height and three tiered building is the Grand Theater Building. It was built in 1892, and cost about 1.60 million taels of silver which was the largest theater in China. There are trapdoors in the ground floor for performers to rise from the ground or fly to the heaven. A pond of 5 squre metres were sunk under the ground stage, which served as a means of improving resonance and get real water effects while performing.
 11.天坛位于北京城南，建于1420年，占地273公顷。 天坛是明清皇帝祭天和祈求丰年的地方。皇帝每年来天坛三次：孟春祈谷，夏至祈雨，冬至祈天。
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 in the southern part of the city, which covers an area of 273 hectares. The Temple of Heaven served as an altar for Chinese emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties to offer sacrifices to the god of heaven and pray for good harvest. The emperors came to the altar three times each year. pray for harvest in spring, pray for rain in summer and pray for god in winter.
      12.俗话说，“上有天堂，下有苏杭” 。 苏州被誉为东方的威尼斯。小桥流水，景色优美；苏州园林，小巧精致，闻名遐迩。
         A saying goes, Heaven above, Suzhou and Hangzhou below. Known as Venice in the Orient, Suzhou presents an attractive view with waters flowing under the little bridges. Gardens in Suzhou are delicate and etiquette, and are well-known throughout the world.
13.我们今天要游览的有拙政园，狮子林和留园。由于设计者和建筑师因地制宜，自出心裁，苏州园林各具特色，不尽相同
We are now visitng the Humble Administrative Garden, Lion Grove, and Liuyuan(Garden to Linger in). Because the designer and constructor make good use of the landscape and their imagination in laying out of the gardens, each garden has their own characters.
14.苏州园林是中国园林的精华。中国园林大致可分为四大类—第一类：风景园林，如杭州西湖；第二类：寺庙园林，如苏州西园，狮子林和杭州的灵隐寺；第三类：帝王官苑，如北京的颐和园和承德的避暑山庄，还有一类：私宅园林，如苏州的拙政园。
Suzhou’s gardens are considered to be the most beautiful of all Chinese gardens. Gardens in China fall into 4 categories. Firstly, there are landscape gardens, such as West lake in Hangzhou. Secondly, there are temple gardens, such as West Gardens and Lion Grove in Suzhou and Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou. Thirdly, there are gardens of the imperial palaces, such as the Summer Palace in Beijing and the Imperial Resort in Chengde. And finally, there are private gardens, such as the Garden of the Humble Administrative.
15.北京的一大特色就是有无数的"胡同"，胡同的意思是小巷子。平民百姓生活在这些胡同里，他们的生活使古都北京别具魅力。 北京的胡同不仅仅是巷子的称谓，而且还是一种建筑艺术，是北京的平民百姓的生活环境。它反映了社会的变迁兴衰。大部分的胡同看起来都是一样的灰墙青砖，它们是孩子们的乐土。通常，一个大杂院（叫做四合院）平均要住4到10家20口人。所以，住在胡同里会感到友善和人情味儿。
One of the unique features of Beijing is its numerous Hutongs which means small lanes. The life of ordinary people in these lanes contributes greatly to the charm of this ancient capital. Beiing's Hutong are not only an appellation for the lanes but also a kind of architecture.It is the living environment of ordinary Beijingers. It reflects the vicissitude of society.Most of the Hutongs look almost the same as grey walls and bricks. Hutongs are a happy kind of place for children. There are often 4 to 10 families with an average of 20 people sharing the rooms of one courtyard complex named Siheyuan.  

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