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传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器

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更多 发布于:2007-01-19 22:18
就像她的名字所宣示的,中国这次注定再当一回"全世界的中心"。2007年1月18日,全世界各大媒体都以渲染和紧张的口吻表示出某种恐惧,其原因是上周中国大陆在宇宙某处用攻击武器摧毁了一颗废弃了的卫星。

消息是否来自美国民间媒体?

消息最早据说是来自美国的一家名为"航空与太空科技周刊"的空间技术网站 http://www.aviationnow.com。它在1月17日下午上载了有关的信息,但同时声明美国军事情报部门(在其截稿之前)"还没有最后证实这一消息"。

这家在ALEXA全球排名158,125的网站在题为"中国试验反卫星武器"的短篇报道中说,"美国情报部门相信,中国本月11日在离地球表面537英里上空进行了反卫星武器(anti-satellite weapon,简称ASAT)试验,成功地将一颗废弃了的中国气象卫星摧毁"。据信这颗被击毁的旧卫星是由中国1999年成功发射并进入宇宙轨道的"风云-1C" 型环极轨道气象卫星,而发射反卫星武器的卫星则在中国西昌宇航中心随运载火箭升空,具体发射时间目前还无从查证。

美国政府当局早已密切关注这一事态的发展,并会同中央情报局(CIA)、国家安全委员会(NSA)、国防情报总署(DIA)、太空总署(NASA)和其他部门收集各种情报并加紧进行数据分析。

该空间技术网站谨慎地说,如果这一试验得到证实,它将表明中国军事空间技术的重大突破。

消息传出迅速引发全球瞩目

西方媒体均对中国的太空军事试验进行强烈谴责,它们所担心的方面不外以下几点:中国的试验将严重加剧太空军备竞赛,对和平利用外层空间和空间技术大国造成威胁,试验所造成的碎片将会影响宇宙人造飞行物的正常运行。

纽约时报1月18日的文章称,中国成功进行太空武器试验"造成了美国的恐慌";中国此举将引发新一轮的军备竞赛。据这篇文章披露,由于试验在距地球表面537英里上空成功完成,说明中国现在已经拥有了使用类似手段摧毁美国间谍卫星的能力,"因为事实上一些美国间谍卫星的轨道实际高度是低于500英里的"。

CNN进一步指出,在这一高度范围内,美军的军事通讯联络系统,由全球卫星定位系统所引导的精确制导炸弹(smart bombs)、美军部队和实时监控(real-time surveillance)等都运作得十分频繁而且日益不可缺少。因此,中国的太空武器试验直接威胁到美国的软肋。

CNN1月18日的图片说明是,"中国太空武器有能力击毁美国卫星"。美国、英国、澳大利亚和加拿大等国政府都已经对此事表示担心;正在美国访问的澳大利亚外长随即发表谈话,声称澳洲政府对此严重关注;其中美国的反应最为激烈。据CNN同日报道,美国政府已经就此向中国发出了正式的外交抗议。

中国试验损害了美国的既得利益

据路透社同日报道,中国这次试验所使用的攻击器是"陆基中程弹道导弹",中国利用火箭将导弹运载进入太空然后再使导弹对预定目标发射。此前世界上一共只有两个国家拥有太空反卫星攻击能力,即美国和俄国,它们在1980年代曾进行过多次类似试验并获得成功。这就不难理解为什么美国会有如此激烈的反应。

纽约时报和泰晤士报等美英媒体广泛分析说,中国政府挑选这一时机进行太空反卫星武器试验很可能是策略性的举动,因此试验成功了武器也仅仅是政策性武器(policy weapon)----目的在于外交施压,在未来的关于外空武器限制方面的国际谈判中占据有利地位。

但无论如何,中国人民解放军的进攻范围显然又扩大了一大步,已经从地球越向太空。这种形势下的中美关系和中欧关系将发生剧烈的震荡,相信在未来的一段时间内,中美之间将在这一问题上展开多轮外交太极。

世界目瞪口呆 中国缄默不语

到记者1月18日晚11时截稿为止,中国官方尚未就太空反卫星武器试验一事做出正面反馈。

华盛顿邮报等美国媒体报道说,中国驻美国大使馆18日在被美国媒体频繁追问的情况下仅表示"已有听闻但无进一步资讯与评论"。另据美国媒体转引目前人在纽约的澳洲外长的话说,澳洲媒体也曾询问堪培拉的中国大使馆,所得到的回答是"对此事件尚无评论"。

对高度尖端武器的试验进行严格保密是世界各国的惯常做法,中国秘密进行试验似无可非议。早在1980年代中,当美国里根行政当局热衷于太空反卫星武器试验的时候,其保密程度决不亚于现在的中国。但舆论同时认为中国政府不会沉默过久,有可能在近日作出解释,否则它所承担的国际压力太大。

就在西方媒体议论纷纷的同时,中国官方网络媒体发表的一篇文章令人产生联想。文章提问,"尽管美军在世界范围内大张旗鼓地自由穿梭,常常发动战争或成为冲突的主要一方,却基本上没有专家、媒体或是任何国家的任何议员站出来提出'美国威胁论'"。

不管这篇文章的刊登是有意还是偶然,但有一点却是可以肯定的----那就是所谓的"中国威胁论"在这次事件之后将甚嚣尘上。  
 
[申江评论综合纽约时报/泰晤士报等]
The history of these days will be written in blood... By crushing the armies of our enemy, by seizing the weapons they thought to turn against us, we were fighting for our very existence!
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发布于:2007-01-24 17:19
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
   一月二十三日,在北京举行的中国外交部例行记者会上,外交部发言人刘建超回答记者提问时表示,中国一贯主张和平利用外空,反对外空武器化和外空军备竞赛,中国从来没有、今后也不会参加任何形式的外空军备竞赛。 中新社发 盛佳鹏 摄

  新华网北京1月23日电 (记者马文博)外交部发言人刘建超23日在回答记者关于中国外层空间试验问题时表示,中国一贯主张和平利用外空,反对外空武器化和外空军备竞赛。

  刘建超说,中国从来没有、今后也不会参加任何形式的外空军备竞赛。这次试验不针对任何国家,也不对任何国家构成威胁。
.--. |o_o | |:_/ | // \ \ (| | ) /'\_ _/`\ \___)=(___/
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发布于:2007-01-24 17:03
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
好像外交部已经承认这事了~
.--. |o_o | |:_/ | // \ \ (| | ) /'\_ _/`\ \___)=(___/
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发布于:2007-01-23 15:37
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
摘自 鼎盛 ligand 2007-01-23 11:12
http://top.jschina.com.cn/bbs/ccb/index.cgi  

风云1C主体部门的截面为5平方英尺(0.45平方米?太小了!),太阳电池板展开尺寸为27英尺(约8.1米)。

反卫星导弹在西昌发射场或西昌附近某处的发射时间为1月11日北京时间4:26分,此时风云1C卫星距西昌发射场水平距离715英里(约1150公里),与西昌的地平线成45度角。

风云1C卫星的跟踪由西安卫星测控中心负责。

反卫星导弹的飞行轨迹为方位角346度,或者说是北偏西15度。风云1C卫星当时正在轨道上由北向南运动。观测数据表明,在极高相对速度下的接近于迎头撞击的方式,使得撞击残骸以700-1,400英里时速(1130-2250公里时速)向所有的方向飞散出去。

撞击时间在西昌日出前94分钟,但目标卫星正处于阳光中,中国方面具有极佳的观测条件。

西昌的跟踪相机(其实是大型电影经纬仪)在卫星飞行轨道的前方具有极佳的观测视野;中国在另一个主要的航天发射场--酒泉卫星发射中心的跟踪相机在卫星飞行轨道的后方具有同样出色的观测视野。

美国空军防御支持计划(Defense Support Program)在地球同步轨道的导弹预警卫星探测到了从西昌发射的反卫星导弹。美国空军的太空指挥中心的雷达(Space Command radars)在撞击前后监控着风云1-C卫星的轨道。

1月18日,美国空军的太空指挥中心已经编录了32个残骸,但这次撞击可能几年内在轨道上留下了成百上千个碎片。

过去几年间,美国空军每天公布1-2次风云1C的轨道,但在这次反卫星试验前,公布的次数突然上升为每天4次。
The history of these days will be written in blood... By crushing the armies of our enemy, by seizing the weapons they thought to turn against us, we were fighting for our very existence!
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发布于:2007-01-20 22:13
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
崛起啊
我们都是普通人,普普通通的老百姓! 但是我们也有自己的思想,我们也有自己的语言,精辟的言语不光是出自社会知名人士,不光出自上层名流!
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发布于:2007-01-20 09:52
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
这年头死人都有人造假,造个假火箭也没什么问题~

不过倒是希望这事儿是真的~
.--. |o_o | |:_/ | // \ \ (| | ) /'\_ _/`\ \___)=(___/
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发布于:2007-01-20 00:37
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
如果CNN的图片是主题图片,那么土共用M9来发射卫星?
The history of these days will be written in blood... By crushing the armies of our enemy, by seizing the weapons they thought to turn against us, we were fighting for our very existence!
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发布于:2007-01-20 00:36
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
来源BBC:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/chinese/simp/hi/newsid_6270000/newsid_6277800/6277811.stm

日美澳加谴责中国摧毁卫星太空试验


这颗弹道导弹据报是在西昌卫星发射中心发射


日本、美国、澳大利亚和加拿大都对有关中国实验发射可以摧毁环地卫星的导弹表示关注。 

美国周四(1月18日)指责中国向太空发射了一枚弹道导弹,摧毁了一颗中国已经老化的气象卫星。 

美国表示中国上周成功地试验了一种攻击卫星武器,并对此表示关注。 美国指中国是在美国和前苏联之外,第三个可以击落卫星的国家。 

中国外交部发言人刘建超接受BBC采访时表示,中国致力于和平利用太空,反对任何军备竞赛。但是他不愿证实或者否认有关中国发射导弹击毁卫星的报道。 

稍早,中国国防部官员拒绝证实有关消息,只向法新社表示, 传媒报道很多是来自谣言,他们没有时间去验证消息的真伪。 

航空周刊杂志最先报道说,美国情报机构得出结论说,中国在1月11日成功地试验了一枚攻击卫星武器。美国国家安全委员会指证实了有关报道。

[b]国际反应 [/b]

英国首相布莱尔的发言人表示,英国政府对于卫星碎片造成的潜在威胁表示关注,英国外交官员已就此事与北京方面进行交涉。 

这名发言人表示,英国政府认为此次事件虽然没有违反有关国际法规,但中国太空武器技术的发展及中国处理此事的方式方法都有悖于联合国军用太空技术开发的精神。 

日本也加入了指责的行列, 日本政府发言人说,"从安全使用太空和国际秩序的角度来说,我们对这件事情十分关注。" 

日本指中国透过外交途径表示试射并无挑衅之意,外长麻生太郎引述中国外交部指出,中国只会在太空进行和平计划。 

但麻生太郎指中国没有就发射提早发出通知,他因此质疑中国这次发射的做法。 

澳洲外长也要求中国大使解释今次发射的性质和就此事对太空的影响评估。 

杂志还说该武器是一个由弹道导弹带入太空的"动能攻击载体" ,1999年发射的老化中国 "风云1C"气象卫星被此武器击毁。 

据报这次试验在距离地面800公里的高空进行。 

美国表示,中国的太空试验违背了美中两国希望在太空民用领域进行合作的精神。 

[b]太空安全 [/b]

专家指出,中国利用弹道导弹摧毁环地卫星的做法,可能造成卫星碎片进入其他卫星轨道,从而损害其他国家的商用或军用卫星。 

太空知识网站space.com引述专家的话说,中国摧毁老化中国气象卫星的行为,将造成上万个卫星碎片在低地球轨道飞行。 

该网站编辑莱昂纳多·大卫说,卫星碎片将成为太空垃圾,尽管这些碎片与其他卫星相撞的可能性很小,但它们仍会对其他卫星和国际空间站构成威胁。 

美国忧思科学家联盟全球安全项目负责人怀特说,中国摧毁的这颗气象卫星重750公斤,卫星碎片不计其数。在高速运动中,大小仅有1厘米的碎片也具有巨大的破坏力。 

怀特在一项声明中说,目前绝大多数卫星并没有装备能够防御卫星碎片的保护壳,即便有这种保护层的卫星也无力抵御大小超过1厘米的碎片碰撞。 

中国此次发射反卫星导弹,不仅引发了国际社会对卫星碎片的忧虑,更加剧了各国对中国强大太空武器实力的担忧。
The history of these days will be written in blood... By crushing the armies of our enemy, by seizing the weapons they thought to turn against us, we were fighting for our very existence!
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发布于:2007-01-20 00:21
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
这是CNN的报道

http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/01/18/china.missile/index.html

U.S. official: Chinese test missile obliterates satellite



China's missiles might be able to take out U.S. satellites.


Chinese use a missile to ram and destroy an old, orbiting satellite
 Experts: China now may have ability to knock out U.S. GPS and spy satellites
Washington issues formal diplomatic protest


WASHINGTON (CNN) -- China last week successfully used a missile to destroy an orbiting satellite, U.S. government officials told CNN on Thursday, in a test that could undermine relations with the West and pose a threat to satellites important to the U.S. military.

According to a spokesman for the National Security Council, the ground-based, medium-range ballistic missile knocked an old Chinese weather satellite from its orbit about 537 miles above Earth. The missile carried a "kill vehicle" and destroyed the satellite by ramming it.

The test took place on January 11.

Aviation Week and Space Technology first reported the test: "Details emerging from space sources indicate that the Chinese Feng Yun 1C (FY-1C) polar orbit weather satellite launched in 1999 was attacked by an asat (anti-satellite) system launched from or near the Xichang Space Center."

A U.S. official, who would not agree to be identified, said the event was the first successful test of the missile after three failures.

The official said that U.S. "space tracking sensors" confirmed that the satellite is no longer in orbit and that the collision produced "hundreds of pieces of debris," that also are being tracked.

The United States logged a formal diplomatic protest.

"We are aware of it and we are concerned, and we made it known," White House spokesman Tony Snow said.

Several U.S. allies, including Canada and Australia, have also registered protests, and the Japanese government said it was worrisome.

"Naturally, we are concerned about it from the viewpoint of security as well as peaceful use of space," said Yashuhisa Shiozaki, chief cabinet secretary. He said Japan has asked the Chinese government for an explanation.

Britain has complained about lack of consultation before the test and potential damage from the debris it left behind, The Associated Press reported.

The United States has been able to bring down satellites with missiles since the mid-1980s, according to a history of ASAT programs posted on the Union of Concerned Scientists Web site. In its own test, the U.S. military knocked a satellite out of orbit in 1985.

Under a space policy authorized by President Bush in August, the United States asserts a right to "freedom of action in space" and says it will "deter others from either impeding those rights or developing capabilities intended to do so."

The policy includes the right to "deny, if necessary, adversaries the use of space capabilities hostile to U.S. national interests."

Low Earth-orbit satellites have become indispensable for U.S. military communications, GPS navigation for smart bombs and troops, and for real-time surveillance. The Chinese test highlights the satellites' vulnerability.

"If we, for instance, got into a conflict over Taiwan, one of the first things they'd probably do would be to shoot down all of our lower Earth-orbit spy satellites, putting out our eyes," said John Pike of globalsecurity.org, a Web site that compiles information on worldwide security issues.

"The thing that is surprising and disturbing is that [the Chinese] have chosen this moment to demonstrate a military capability that can only be aimed at the United States," he said.

Copyright 2007 CNN. All rights reserved.This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. Associated Press contributed to this report.
[ 2007-01-20 01:01:27 suchasplus 修改 ]
The history of these days will be written in blood... By crushing the armies of our enemy, by seizing the weapons they thought to turn against us, we were fighting for our very existence!
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发布于:2007-01-19 23:53
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
我去问问
[img]http://photo.store.qq.com/http_imgload.cgi?/rurl2=b14886d54859025aca75eaa929c5e415c621623cd386ce198516d593cf74ed69177090ed50be8ec1f8e418f725d3e2bd4edc12748c075c5e4a10b6b37420dc31fd8081d8c7d2a4e41b74724bfbae9fb4825f8490[/img]
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发布于:2007-01-19 22:51
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
真实性?
.--. |o_o | |:_/ | // \ \ (| | ) /'\_ _/`\ \___)=(___/
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发布于:2007-01-19 22:26
Re:传言纷纷:中国试验反卫星武器
Chinese Test Anti-Satellite Weapon


 By Craig Covault/Aviation Week & Space Technology
01/17/2007 07:45:59 PM

U. S. intelligence agencies believe China performed a successful anti-satellite (asat) weapons test at more than 500 mi. altitude Jan. 11 destroying an aging Chinese weather satellite target with a kinetic kill vehicle launched on board a ballistic missile.

The Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, NASA and other government organizations have a full court press underway to obtain data on the alleged test, Aviation Week & Space Technology will report in its Jan. 22 issue.

If the test is verified it will signify a major new Chinese military capability.

Neither the Office of the U. S. Secretary of Defense nor Air Force Space Command would comment on the attack, which followed by several months the alleged illumination of a U. S. military spacecraft by a Chinese ground based laser.

China's growing military space capability is one major reason the Bush Administration last year formed the nation's first new National Space Policy in ten years, Aviation Week will report.

"The policy is designed to ensure that our space capabilities are protected in a time of increasing challenges and threats," says Robert G. Joseph, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security at the U. S. State Dept. " This is imperative because space capabilities are vital to our national security and to our economic well being," Joseph said in an address on the new space policy at the National Press Club in Washington D. C.

Details emerging from space sources indicate that the Chinese Feng Yun 1C (FY-1C) polar orbit weather satellite launched in 1999 was attacked by an asat system launched from or near the Xichang Space Center.

The attack is believe to have occurred as the weather satellite flew at 530 mi. altitude 4 deg. west of Xichang located in Sichuan province. Xichang is a major Chinese space launch center.

Although intelligence agencies must complete confirmation of the test, the attack is believed to have occurred at about 5:28 p.m. EST Jan. 11. U. S. intelligence agencies had been expecting some sort of test that day, sources said.

U. S. Air Force Defense Support Program missile warning satellites in geosynchronous orbit would have detected the Xichang launch of the asat kill vehicle and U. S. Air Force Space Command monitored the FY-1C orbit both before and after the exercise.

The test, if it occurred as envisioned by intelligence source, could also have left considerable space debris in an orbit used by many different satellites.

USAF radar reports on the Chinese FY-1C spacecraft have been posted once or twice daily for years, but those reports jumped to about 4 times per day just before the alleged test.

The USAF radar reports then ceased Jan. 11, but then appeared for a day showing "signs of orbital distress". The reports were then halted again. The Air Force radars may well be busy cataloging many pieces of debris, sources said.

Although more of a "policy weapon" at this time, the test shows that the Chinese military can threaten the imaging reconnaissance satellites operated by the U. S., Japan, Russia, Israel and Europe.

The Republic of China also operates a small imaging spacecraft that can photograph objects as small as about 10 ft. in size, a capability good enough to count cruise missiles pointed at Taiwan from the Chinese mainland. The Taiwanese in the past have also leased capability on an Israeli reconnaissance satellite.
[ 2007-01-19 22:26:44 suchasplus 修改 ]
The history of these days will be written in blood... By crushing the armies of our enemy, by seizing the weapons they thought to turn against us, we were fighting for our very existence!
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